What is one major challenge in estimating risk frequencies in LOPA?

One major challenge in estimating risk frequencies in Layer of Protection Analysis (LOPA) is the difficulty in gathering accurate databases. Accurate risk frequency estimation hinges on the availability of comprehensive and reliable data regarding past incidents, near misses, and the conditions under which they occurred. Without access to such quality databases, it becomes challenging to determine how often similar events may occur in the future.

Factors that contribute to this challenge include inconsistencies in reporting practices across different industries or organizations, the potential for underreporting of incidents, and varying definitions of what constitutes an incident. Additionally, existing databases may not cover specific scenarios that are relevant to a particular process or setting, further complicating the estimation process. Therefore, the lack of accurate and detailed data significantly impairs the reliability of risk frequency assessments, which is vital for effective risk analysis and decision-making in risk management.